@font-face{font-family:Newsreader;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/fonts/newsreader-latin-400.woff2)format("woff2")}@font-face{font-family:Newsreader;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;font-display:swap;src:url(/fonts/newsreader-latin-500.woff2)format("woff2")}@font-face{font-family:Newsreader;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/fonts/newsreader-latin-400-italic.woff2)format("woff2")}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/fonts/inter-latin-400.woff2)format("woff2")}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;font-display:swap;src:url(/fonts/inter-latin-500.woff2)format("woff2")}@font-face{font-family:JetBrains Mono;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/fonts/jetbrains-mono-latin-400.woff2)format("woff2")}:root{--paper:#faf9f6;--ink:#1c1b19;--text:#3a3835;--muted:#6f6b65;--faint:#a39f98;--rule:#e7e3dc;--rule-strong:#d6d1c8;--selection:#e9e4d8;--font-serif:"Newsreader", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;--font-ui:"Inter", system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;--font-mono:"JetBrains Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, monospace;--measure:620px;--measure-wide:880px;--gutter:112px;--gap-section:80px;--gap-section-m:56px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--paper:#151412;--ink:#ebe8e2;--text:#c9c4bc;--muted:#8c877f;--faint:#605c55;--rule:#2a2825;--rule-strong:#3a3733;--selection:#2f2c27}}*,:before,:after{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;text-rendering:optimizelegibility;background:var(--paper);font-size:100%}body{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--text);background:var(--paper);font-feature-settings:"kern", "liga", "onum";hanging-punctuation:first last;min-height:100vh;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.65}p{text-wrap:pretty;-webkit-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto;margin-bottom:16px}p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}h1,h2,h3{text-wrap:balance;font-feature-settings:"kern", "liga", "lnum";color:var(--ink)}h1{letter-spacing:-.01em;margin-bottom:8px;font-size:2.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.1}.lede{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--muted);margin-top:8px;margin-bottom:64px;font-size:1.25rem;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;line-height:1.4}.mono,.meta,.date,.eyebrow{font-feature-settings:"tnum"}.meta{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);font-size:.8125rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5}::selection{background:var(--selection);color:var(--ink)}img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--rule-strong);text-underline-offset:.18em;text-decoration-thickness:1px;transition:text-decoration-color .15s,color .15s}a:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--ink)}.nav a,.footer a,.eyebrow a{text-decoration:none}.nav a:hover,.footer a:hover{color:var(--ink)}a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ink);outline-offset:3px;border-radius:2px}.shell{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0 auto;padding:96px 24px 120px}.skip{font-family:var(--font-ui);background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);border:1px solid var(--rule);z-index:100;padding:8px 16px;font-size:.875rem;position:absolute;top:0;left:-9999px}.skip:focus{top:16px;left:16px}header{margin-bottom:72px}.nav{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;padding-bottom:20px;display:flex}.nav-name{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--ink);font-size:1rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1}.nav-links{font-family:var(--font-ui);gap:32px;font-size:.875rem;line-height:1;list-style:none;display:flex}.nav-links a{color:var(--muted);transition:color .15s}.nav-links a:hover,.nav-links a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--ink)}.footer{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--faint);justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:16px;margin-top:120px;padding-top:20px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.6;display:flex}.footer a{color:var(--faint);transition:color .15s}.eyebrow{margin:var(--gap-section) 0 20px;font-family:var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--faint);align-items:center;gap:16px;font-size:.75rem;display:flex}.eyebrow:after{content:"";background:var(--rule);flex:1;height:1px}main>.eyebrow:first-child,h1+.lede+.eyebrow{margin-top:0}.dated{list-style:none}.dated li{grid-template-columns:var(--gutter) 1fr;align-items:baseline;column-gap:24px;padding:12px 0;display:grid}.dated .date{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);white-space:nowrap;font-size:.8125rem}.dated .title{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--ink);font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.4}.dated .note{font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);margin-top:3px;font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.5}.section-more{font-family:var(--font-ui);margin-top:16px;font-size:.875rem}.paper{grid-template-columns:var(--gutter) 1fr;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);align-items:baseline;column-gap:24px;padding:24px 0;list-style:none;display:grid}.paper:first-child{border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}.paper .date{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);white-space:nowrap;font-size:.8125rem}.paper .title{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--ink);font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.4}.paper .authors{font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);margin-top:6px;font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.5}.paper .authors b{color:var(--text);font-weight:500}.paper .finding{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--text);margin-top:8px;font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.55}.paper .venue{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);margin-top:8px;font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.5}.case{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:64px 0}.case:first-of-type{padding-top:0}.case:last-of-type{border-bottom:none}.case h2{margin-bottom:6px;font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.25}.case .meta{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:24px;font-size:.8125rem}.case p{margin-bottom:16px}.case .learned{border-left:2px solid var(--rule);color:var(--muted);margin-top:24px;padding-left:20px;font-style:italic}.case .learned strong{color:var(--text);font-style:normal;font-weight:500}.case figure{margin:32px 0}.case figure img,.case figure svg{border:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--paper);width:100%}.case figcaption{font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);margin-top:8px;font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.5}.chrono{list-style:none}.chrono li{grid-template-columns:var(--gutter) 1fr;align-items:baseline;column-gap:24px;padding:12px 0;display:grid}.chrono .date{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);white-space:nowrap;font-size:.8125rem}.chrono .body{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--text);font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.6}.chrono .body strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:500}.prose{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--text);font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.65;position:relative}.prose h2{margin:56px 0 16px;font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.25}.prose h3{margin:40px 0 12px;font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.35}.prose p{margin-bottom:16px}.prose ul,.prose ol{margin:0 0 16px 24px}.prose li{margin-bottom:6px}.prose blockquote{border-left:2px solid var(--rule);color:var(--muted);hanging-punctuation:first;margin:24px 0;padding-left:20px}.prose code:not(pre code){font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--ink);background:var(--rule);border-radius:3px;padding:1px 5px;font-size:.85em;font-weight:400}.prose pre{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--text);border:1px solid var(--rule);background:0 0;border-radius:4px;margin:24px 0;padding:16px 20px;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.6;overflow-x:auto}.prose pre code{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;background:0 0;border-radius:0;padding:0}.prose figure{margin:32px 0}.prose figcaption{font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);margin-top:8px;font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.5}.prose hr{border:none;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin:56px 0}.prose table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-family:var(--font-ui);margin:24px 0;font-size:.875rem}.prose th,.prose td{text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:8px 12px 8px 0}.prose th{color:var(--ink);font-weight:500}.essay-shell{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0 auto;padding:96px 24px 120px}@media (width>=1200px){.essay-shell{grid-template-columns:1fr var(--measure) 1fr;column-gap:48px;max-width:1300px;padding:96px 40px 120px;display:grid}.essay-shell>header,.essay-shell>.essay-footer-wrap{grid-column:2}.essay-col-left{grid-column:1;justify-self:end;width:100%;max-width:240px}.essay-col-center{grid-column:2;min-width:0}.essay-col-right{grid-column:3;width:100%;max-width:240px}.toc-sticky{font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);font-size:.8125rem;position:sticky;top:96px}.toc-sticky ol{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.toc-sticky li{margin-bottom:8px}.toc-sticky a{color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none}.toc-sticky a:hover{color:var(--ink)}}.toc-mobile{font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);margin:24px 0 32px;font-size:.8125rem}.toc-mobile details{border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;padding:12px 16px}.toc-mobile summary{cursor:pointer;color:var(--ink);font-weight:500}.toc-mobile ol{margin:12px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}.toc-mobile li{margin-bottom:6px}.toc-mobile a{color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none}.toc-mobile a:hover{color:var(--ink)}@media (width>=1200px){.toc-mobile{display:none}}@media (width<=1199px){.essay-col-left{display:none}}.sidenote-ref,.prose [data-footnote-ref]{font-family:var(--font-mono);vertical-align:super;color:var(--muted);margin:0;padding:0 0 0 1px;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:500;line-height:0;text-decoration:none}.sidenote-ref a,.prose [data-footnote-ref]{color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none}.sidenote-ref a:hover,.prose [data-footnote-ref]:hover{color:var(--ink)}.sidenote{font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.5}@media (width>=1200px){.sidenote{float:right;clear:right;width:240px;margin-top:.2rem;margin-bottom:1rem;margin-right:-288px;font-size:.8125rem}.sidenote-number{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);margin-right:4px;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:500}.prose .footnotes{border-top:none;margin:0;padding:0;position:static}.prose .footnotes ol{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.prose .footnotes li{font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.5}.prose .footnotes li p{margin-bottom:0;font-size:.8125rem}.prose .footnotes .data-footnote-backref{display:none}}@media (width<=1199px){.sidenote{border-left:2px solid var(--rule);background:0 0;margin:12px 0;padding:8px 12px;display:block}.sidenote-number{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);margin-right:4px;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:500}.prose .footnotes{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);margin-top:56px;padding-top:24px;font-size:.8125rem}.prose .footnotes ol{margin-left:18px}.prose .footnotes li{margin-bottom:8px}}.sr-only{clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}details.cite{font-family:var(--font-ui);border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin:40px 0 24px;padding-top:16px;font-size:.8125rem}details.cite summary{cursor:pointer;color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;font-size:.75rem}details.cite pre{margin-top:12px}.essay-thanks{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--muted);margin-top:40px;font-size:1rem;font-style:italic}.about-photo{aspect-ratio:3/2;border:1px solid var(--rule);filter:grayscale();opacity:.92;object-fit:cover;width:100%;margin-bottom:8px}.about-photo-caption{font-family:var(--font-ui);color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:48px;font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.5}.home-now{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--muted);margin-top:24px;font-size:1.0625rem;font-style:italic;line-height:1.5}.home-contact-row{font-family:var(--font-ui);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:20px;margin-top:16px;font-size:.875rem;display:flex}.home-views-own{font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--faint);margin-top:8px;font-size:.75rem}.research-questions{counter-reset:question-counter;margin:0 0 16px;list-style:none}.research-questions li{counter-increment:question-counter;font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--text);grid-template-columns:28px 1fr;align-items:baseline;column-gap:12px;padding:8px 0;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.65;display:grid}.research-questions li:before{content:counter(question-counter) ".";font-family:var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);font-size:.8125rem}@media (width<=640px){.shell,.essay-shell{padding:56px 20px 80px}h1{font-size:2rem}.lede{margin-bottom:48px;font-size:1.125rem}body{font-size:1.0625rem}.eyebrow{margin:var(--gap-section-m) 0 16px}.dated li,.paper,.chrono li{grid-template-columns:1fr;row-gap:2px}.case{padding:48px 0}.footer{margin-top:80px}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,:before,:after{transition-duration:.01ms!important;animation-duration:.01ms!important}}